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A whole number \(n\) is divisible by \(10\) if and only if the digit in the one'ss place of the decimal representation of \(n\) is \(0.\)

Proof \(\downarrow\)

Let the decimal representation of \(n\) be \[n = d_k d_{k-1} \dots d_2 d_1\] Expand the number at the one's place. \[d_k d_{k-1} \dots d_2 \cdot 10 + d_1\] \[= 10 \cdot k + d_1\] where \(k\) represents the integer whose decimal expansion is \(d_k d_k-1 \dots d_2.\)

If \(d_1\) is a multiple of \(10\) then \(d_1 = 10 \cdot j\) for some integer \(j,\) in which case \(n = 10 \cdot (k + j)\) and is divisible by \(10.\) On the other hand, if \(d_1\) is not divisible by \(10\) then \(d_1 = 10 \cdot j + r\) for some integers \(j\) and \(1 \leq r \leq 9,\) in which case \(n = 10 \cdot (k + j) + r\) is not divisible by \(10.\)

Since \(d_1\) is a digit, \(0 \leq d_1 \leq 9.\) Therefore, \(d_1\) is only divisible by \(10\) if \(d_1 = 0\). So, \(n\) is divisible by \(10\) if and only if \(n\) has a \(0\) in the one's place.